Ngokusho kombiko wocwaningo, ngo-2020, amarobhothi amasha ezimboni ahambayo angu-41,000 anezelwe emakethe yaseShayina, okuwukwenyuka okungu-22.75% uma kuqhathaniswa no-2019. Ukuthengiswa kwemakethe kufinyelele ku-7.68 billion yuan, ukwenyuka konyaka nonyaka okungu-24.4%.
Namuhla, izinhlobo ezimbili zamarobhothi eselula ezimbonini okukhulunywa ngazo kakhulu emakethe ama-AGV nama-AMR. Kodwa umphakathi awukakwazi okuningi ngomehluko phakathi kwalawa amabili, ngakho-ke umhleli uzowuchaza ngokuningiliziwe ngalesi sihloko.
1. Ukuchazwa komqondo
I-AGV (Imoto Eqondiswa Ngokuzenzakalelayo) iyimoto eqondiswa ngokuzenzakalelayo, engabhekisela emotweni yokuthutha ngokuzenzakalelayo esekelwe kubuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene bokubeka kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuzulazula ngaphandle kwesidingo sokushayela komuntu.
Ngo-1953, i-AGV yokuqala yaphuma futhi yaqala ukusetshenziswa kancane kancane ekukhiqizweni kwezimboni, ngakho-ke i-AGV ingachazwa ngokuthi: imoto exazulula inkinga yokuphathwa okungahleliwe kanye nokuthuthwa emkhakheni wezokuthutha kwezimboni. Ama-AGV okuqala achazwa ngokuthi "abathuthi abahamba ngemigqa yokuqondisa ebekwe phansi." Nakuba isineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-40 yokuthuthukiswa, ama-AGV asadinga ukusebenzisa isiqondiso sokungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic, isiqondiso sebha yokuqondisa yamagnetic, isiqondiso sekhodi esinezinhlangothi ezimbili kanye nobunye ubuchwepheshe njengokusekelwa kokuzulazula.
I-AMR, okungukuthi, irobhothi elihambayo elizimele. Ngokuvamile libhekisela kumarobhothi agcina impahla angabeka futhi azulazule ngokuzimela.
Amarobhothi e-AGV ne-AMR ahlukaniswa njengamarobhothi eselula ezimbonini, kanti ama-AGV aqala ngaphambi kwama-AMR, kodwa ama-AMR kancane kancane athatha isabelo semakethe esikhulu ngezinzuzo zawo eziyingqayizivele. Kusukela ngo-2019, i-AMR iye yamukelwa kancane kancane ngumphakathi. Ngokombono wobukhulu bemakethe, isilinganiso se-AMR kumarobhothi eselula ezimbonini sizokhula unyaka nonyaka, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi sibe ngaphezu kuka-40% ngo-2024 kanye nangaphezu kuka-45% wemakethe ngo-2025.
2. Ukuqhathaniswa Kwezinzuzo
1). Ukuzulazula okuzenzakalelayo:
I-AGV iyithuluzi elizenzakalelayo elidinga ukwenza imisebenzi ngokulandela ithrekhi esethiwe futhi ngokwemiyalelo esethiwe, futhi elingakwazi ukuphendula ngokuguquguqukayo ezinguqukweni ezisesayithini.
I-AMR isebenzisa kakhulu ubuchwepheshe bokuzulazula nge-laser ye-SLAM, obungakwazi ukuhlonza imephu yendawo ngokuzimela, abudingi ukuthembela ezikhungweni zokubeka izinto ezisizayo zangaphandle, bungakwazi ukuhamba ngokuzimela, buthole ngokuzenzakalelayo indlela efanele yokukhetha, futhi bugweme izithiyo ngenkuthalo, futhi buzoya ngokuzenzakalelayo enqwabeni yokushaja lapho amandla efika endaweni ebalulekile. I-AMR iyakwazi ukwenza yonke imisebenzi eyabelwe ngokuhlakanipha nangokuvumelana nezimo.
2). Ukufakwa okuguquguqukayo:
Ezimweni eziningi ezidinga ukuphathwa okuguquguqukayo, ama-AGV awakwazi ukushintsha umugqa wokugijima ngendlela eguquguqukayo, futhi kulula ukuwuvimba emgqeni wokuqondisa ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwemishini eminingi, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ukusebenza kahle komsebenzi, ngakho-ke ukuguquguquka kwe-AGV akuphezulu futhi akukwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zohlangothi lohlelo lokusebenza.
I-AMR yenza ukuhlela kokuthunyelwa okuguquguqukayo kunoma iyiphi indawo engenzeka ngaphakathi kobubanzi bemephu, inqobo nje uma ububanzi besiteshi bunele, amabhizinisi ezokuthutha angalungisa inani lokusebenza kwerobhothi ngesikhathi sangempela ngokuya ngevolumu ye-oda, futhi enze ngokwezifiso imisebenzi ngokwezidingo zangempela zamakhasimende ukuze andise ukusebenza kahle kokusebenza kwemishini eminingi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba amanani ebhizinisi eqhubeka nokukhula, izinkampani zokuthutha zingandisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-AMR ngezindleko ezintsha eziphansi kakhulu.
3). Izimo zohlelo lokusebenza
I-AGV ifana "nomuntu osebenzisa ithuluzi" ongenazo imicabango yakhe, ifanelekela ukuthuthwa okuqondile ngebhizinisi eliqinile, ivolumu elula nencane yebhizinisi.
Ngezici zokuzulazula okuzenzakalelayo kanye nokuhlela indlela ezimele, i-AMR ifaneleka kakhulu ezindaweni zesimo eziguquguqukayo neziyinkimbinkimbi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho indawo yokusebenza inkulu, inzuzo yezindleko zokuthunyelwa kwe-AMR isobala kakhulu.
4). Imbuyiselo ekutshalweni kwezimali
Esinye sezici eziyinhloko izinkampani zezokuthutha okufanele zicabangele lapho zithuthukisa izindawo zazo zokugcina impahla yinzuzo ekutshalweni kwezimali.
Umbono wezindleko: Ama-AGV adinga ukulungiswa endaweni yokugcina impahla enkulu ngesikhathi sokufakwa ukuze ahlangabezane nezimo zokusebenza zama-AGV. Ama-AMR awadingi izinguquko ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo, futhi ukuphathwa noma ukukhethwa kungenziwa ngokushesha nangokushelela. Imodi yokusebenzisana phakathi kwabantu inganciphisa ngempumelelo inani labasebenzi, ngaleyo ndlela inciphise izindleko zabasebenzi. Inqubo yerobhothi elula ukuyisebenzisa nayo inciphisa kakhulu izindleko zokuqeqesha.
Umbono wokusebenza kahle: I-AMR inciphisa ngempumelelo ibanga lokuhamba labasebenzi, ivumela abasebenzi ukuthi bagxile emisebenzini enenani eliphezulu, futhi ithuthukise ngempumelelo ukusebenza kahle komsebenzi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, sonke isigaba kusukela ekukhishweni kwemisebenzi kuya ekuphothulweni kokuphathwa kohlelo kanye nokulandelela siyasetshenziswa, okunganciphisa kakhulu izinga lamaphutha ekusebenzeni kwabasebenzi.
3. Ikusasa Lifikile
Intuthuko enamandla yemboni ye-AMR, encike emlandweni wokuthuthukiswa okuhlakaniphile ngaphansi kwegagasi lezikhathi ezinkulu, ayinakuhlukaniswa nokuhlola okuqhubekayo kanye nentuthuko eqhubekayo yabantu bemboni. I-Interact Analysis ibikezela ukuthi imakethe yamarobhothi eselula yomhlaba wonke kulindeleke ukuthi idlule amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-10.5 ngo-2023, kanti ukukhula okukhulu kuvela eShayina nase-United States, lapho izinkampani ze-AMR ezinendlunkulu e-United States zibala khona ama-48% emakethe.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-25-2023